Espacios de nombres
Variantes
Acciones

Value categories

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C++
 
Lenguaje C++
Los temas generales
Original:
General topics
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Control de flujo
Original:
Flow control
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Sentencias condicionales ejecución
Original:
Conditional execution statements
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Instrucciones de iteración
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Iteration statements
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Ir declaraciones
Original:
Jump statements
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Funciones
Original:
Functions
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declaración de la función
lambda declaración de la función
función de plantilla
especificador inline
especificaciones de excepción (obsoleto)
noexcept especificador (C++11)
Excepciones
Original:
Exceptions
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Los espacios de nombres
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Namespaces
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Tipos
Original:
Types
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decltype specifier (C++11)
Los especificadores
Original:
Specifiers
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cv especificadores
almacenamiento duración especificadores
constexpr especificador (C++11)
auto especificador (C++11)
alignas especificador (C++11)
Inicialización
Original:
Initialization
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Los literales
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Literals
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Expresiones
Original:
Expressions
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categorías de valor
orden de evaluación
representaciones alternativas
Utilidades
Original:
Utilities
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Tipos
Original:
Types
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typedef declaration
alias de tipo de declaración (C++11)
atributos (C++11)
Lanza
Original:
Casts
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conversiones implícitas
const_cast conversion
static_cast conversion
dynamic_cast conversion
reinterpret_cast conversion
C-cast estilo y funcional
De asignación de memoria
Original:
Memory allocation
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Clases
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Classes
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Clase propiedades específicas de la función
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Class-specific function properties
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Funciones especiales miembro
Original:
Special member functions
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Plantillas
Original:
Templates
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clase de plantilla
función de plantilla
plantilla de especialización
paquetes de parámetros (C++11)
Varios
Original:
Miscellaneous
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Montaje en línea
 
Cuando un C + + expresión (un operador con sus argumentos) se evalúa, da lugar a un valor de algún tipo de no referencia. Cada expresión pertenece exactamente a una de las categorías de valor primarios .
Original:
When a C++ expression (an operator with its arguments) is evaluated, it results in a value of some non-reference type. Each expression belongs to exactly one of the primary value categories.
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Contenido

[editar] Categorías principales

[editar] valori

Un' lvalue es una expresión que identifica a un objeto no temporal o una función no miembro .
Original:
An lvalue is an expression that identifies a non-temporary object or a non-member function.
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Las siguientes expresiones son lvalues:
Original:
The following expressions are lvalues:
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  • El nombre de un objeto o función en su alcance, independientemente del tipo, tal como std::cin o std::endl. Aun cuando el tipo de objeto es una referencia rvalue, la expresión consistente en su nombre es una expresión lvalue .
    Original:
    The name of an object or function in scope, regardless of type, such as std::cin or std::endl. Even if the object's type is rvalue reference, the expression consisting of its name is an lvalue expression.
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  • Llamada a función o expresión de operador si el tipo de la función o el operador de retorno es una referencia de valor-, como std::getline(cin, str) o cout << 1 o o ++n o *p
    Original:
    Function call or operator expression if the function's or operator's return type is an lvalue reference, such as std::getline(cin, str) or cout << 1 or or ++n or *p
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  • Reparto de expresión a lvalue tipo de referencia .
    Original:
    Cast expression to lvalue reference type.
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  • Función de expresión de llamada si el tipo devuelto por la función es rvalue referencia al tipo de función (raro)
    Original:
    Function call expression if the function's return type is rvalue reference to function type (rare)
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  • Reparto de expresión a DVALOR referencia a la función .
    Original:
    Cast expression to rvalue reference to function.
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Propiedades:
Original:
Properties:
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  • Igual que glvalue (abajo)
    Original:
    Same as glvalue (below)
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  • Dirección de un valor-se pueden tomar: &++i y &std::endl son expresiones válidas .
    Original:
    Address of an lvalue may be taken: &++i and &std::endl are valid expressions.
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  • Un lvalue modificable puede ser utilizado como la primera (izquierda) argumento del operador de asignación incorporado .
    Original:
    A modifiable lvalue may be used as the first (left) argument of the built-in assignment operator.
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  • Un valor-I se puede usar para inicializar una referencia de valor-; este asocia un nombre nuevo con el objeto identificado por la expresión .
    Original:
    An lvalue may be used to inicializar una referencia de valor-; this associates a new name with the object identified by the expression.
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[editar] rvalue NJ / prvalue NJ

A prvalue es una expresión que identifica un objeto temporal (o un subobjeto de los mismos) o es un valor no asociado con cualquier objeto .
Original:
A prvalue is an expression that identifies a temporary object (or a subobject thereof) or is a value not associated with any object.
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Las siguientes expresiones son prvalues:
Original:
The following expressions are prvalues:
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  • Literal, como 42 o true o nullptr .
    Original:
    Literal, such as 42 or true or nullptr.
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  • Función de llamada / operador si la expresión de la función o el tipo del operador de retorno no es una referencia, tal como str.substr(1, 2) o 2+2
    Original:
    Function call/operator expression if the function's or the operator's return type is not a reference, such as str.substr(1, 2) or 2+2
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  • Reparto de expresión a cualquier otro tipo de tipo de referencia .
    Original:
    Cast expression to any type other than reference type.
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  • Las expresiones lambda, como  [](int x){return x*x;}
    Original:
    Lambda expressions, such as  [](int x){return x*x;}
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Propiedades:
Original:
Properties:
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  • Igual que el valor p (abajo)
    Original:
    Same as rvalue (below)
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  • un prvalue no puede ser polimórfica: el tipo dinámico del objeto que identifica siempre es el tipo de la expresión .
    Original:
    a prvalue cannot be polymorphic: the dynamic type of the object it identifies is always the type of the expression.
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  • prvalue un no-clase no puede ser calificado const .
    Original:
    a non-class prvalue cannot be const-qualified.
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[editar] xValue NJ

Una xValue es una expresión que identifica un "expira" objeto, es decir, el objeto que se puede mover desde. El objeto identificado por una expresión xValue puede ser una sin nombre temporal, puede ser un objeto designado en su alcance, o cualquier otro tipo de objeto, pero si se usa como un argumento de la función, xValue siempre se unirá a la sobrecarga de referencia rvalue si está disponible .
Original:
An xvalue is an expression that identifies an "expiring" object, that is, the object that may be moved from. The object identified by an xvalue expression may be a nameless temporary, it may be a named object in scope, or any other kind of object, but if used as a function argument, xvalue will always bind to the rvalue reference overload if available.
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Sólo las siguientes expresiones son XValues:
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Only the following expressions are xvalues:
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  • Una expresión de llamada a la función, si el tipo devuelto por la función es una referencia al tipo de valor-objeto, como std::move(val)
    Original:
    A function call expression, if the function's return type is an rvalue reference to object type, such as std::move(val)
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  • Una expresión de conversión a una referencia rvalue al tipo de objeto, tal como static_cast<T&&>(val) o (T&&)val
    Original:
    A cast expression to an rvalue reference to object type, such as static_cast<T&&>(val) or (T&&)val
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  • un miembro no estático clase de expresión de acceso, en el que la expresión de objeto es un xValue
    Original:
    a non-static class member access expression, in which the object expression is an xvalue
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  • Una expresión de puntero a miembro en el que el primer operando es un xValue y el segundo operando es un puntero al miembro de datos .
    Original:
    A pointer-to-member expression in which the first operand is an xvalue and the second operand is a pointer to data member.
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Propiedades:
Original:
Properties:
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  • Igual que el valor p (abajo)
    Original:
    Same as rvalue (below)
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  • Igual que glvalue (abajo)
    Original:
    Same as glvalue (below)
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Al igual que prvalues, XValues ​​unen a DVALOR referencias, pero a diferencia de prvalues, un xValue puede ser polimórfico, y un xValue no-clase puede ser calificado cv .
Original:
Like prvalues, xvalues bind to rvalue references, but unlike prvalues, an xvalue may be polymorphic, and a non-class xvalue may be cv-qualified.
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[editar] Categorías mixtas

[editar] glvalueNJ

A glvalue es una expresión que puede ser un valor-o xValue an .
Original:
A glvalue is an expression that is either an lvalue or an xvalue.
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Propiedades:
Original:
Properties:
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  • A glvalue puede convertirse implícitamente a prvalue con lvalue a rvalue, array a puntero, o función a puntero conversión implícita .
    Original:
    A glvalue may be implicitly converted to prvalue with lvalue-to-rvalue, array-to-pointer, or function-to-pointer conversión implícita.
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  • A glvalue puede ser polimórfico: el tipo dinámico del objeto que identifica no es necesariamente el tipo estático de la expresión .
    Original:
    A glvalue may be polymorphic: the dynamic type of the object it identifies is not necessarily the static type of the expression.
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[editar] rvalue NJ

Un valor p es una expresión que puede ser un prvalue o xValue an .
Original:
An rvalue is an expression that is either a prvalue or an xvalue.
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Propiedades (nota, estos se aplican tanto a XValues ​​y prvalues, lo que significa que se aplican a los pre-C + 11 rvalues ​​también)
Original:
Properties (note, these apply to both xvalues and prvalues, which means they apply to the pre-C++11 rvalues as well)
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  • Dirección de un valor-no pueden ser tomadas: &i++ y &42 y &std::move(val) no son válidos .
    Original:
    Address of an rvalue may not be taken: &i++ and &42 and &std::move(val) are invalid.
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  • Un valor R puede utilizarse para inicializar una constante referencia valori, en cuyo caso el tiempo de vida del objeto identificado por el valor p se extiende hasta el alcance de los extremos de referencia .
    Original:
    An rvalue may be used to inicializar una constante referencia valori, in which case the lifetime of the object identified by the rvalue is extended until the scope of the reference ends.
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  • Un valor R puede utilizarse para inicializar una referencia de valor-, en cuyo caso el tiempo de vida del objeto identificado por el valor p se extiende hasta el alcance de los extremos de referencia .
    Original:
    An rvalue may be used to inicializar una referencia de valor-, in which case the lifetime of the object identified by the rvalue is extended until the scope of the reference ends.
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  • Cuando se usa como un argumento de la función y cuando dos sobrecargas de la función están disponibles, uno teniendo rvalue parámetro de referencia y el otro tomando referencia a lvalue parámetro const, rvalues ​​se unen a la sobrecarga de referencia rvalue (por lo tanto, si ambos copia y constructores de movimiento están disponibles, argumentos rvalue invocar la mover constructor, y lo mismo con copiar y mover los operadores de asignación) .
    Original:
    When used as a function argument and when two overloads of the function are available, one taking rvalue reference parameter and the other taking lvalue reference to const parameter, rvalues bind to the rvalue reference overload (thus, if both copy and move constructors are available, rvalue arguments invoke the mover constructor, and likewise with copy and move assignment operators).
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[editar] Categorías especiales

[editar] En espera de llamada de función miembro

Las expresiones obj.*mfp y ptr->*mfp donde mfp es un puntero a la función miembro, se clasifican como expresiones prvalue, pero no puede ser utilizado para inicializar referencias, como argumentos de la función, o para cualquier propósito en absoluto, excepto como el argumento de la izquierda de una función llame expresión, por ejemplo, (pobj->*ptr)(args) .
Original:
The expressions obj.*mfp and ptr->*mfp where mfp is a pointer to member function, are classified as prvalue expressions, but they cannot be used to initialize references, as function arguments, or for any purpose at all, except as the left-hand argument of a function call expression, e.g. (pobj->*ptr)(args).
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[editar] Nulo expresiones

Las expresiones de función de llamada de regresar void, emitir expresiones para void y tirar-expresiones se clasifican como expresiones prvalue, pero no se puede utilizar para inicializar o referencias como argumentos de la función. Se pueden utilizar en un contexto descartado-valor (por ejemplo, en una línea propia, como el argumento de la izquierda del operador de coma, etc) y en la declaración return en un void función que devuelve. Además, banda expresiones (pero no prvalues ​​otros void) se puede usar como el segundo y tercero de los operandos de la operador condicional?: .
Original:
Function call expressions returning void, cast expressions to void, and throw-expressions are classified as prvalue expressions, but they cannot be used to initialize references or as function arguments. They can be used in a discarded-value context (e.g. on a line of its own, as the left argument of the comma operator, etc) and in the return statement in a function returning void. In addition, throw-expressions (but not other void prvalues) may be used as the second and the third operands of the operador condicional?:.
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